Profile and Biography of Socrates

The Greek philosopher Socrates was born c. 470/469 B.C., in Athens, and died in 399 B.C. To put this in the context of the other great men of his time, the sculptor Pheidias died c. 430; Sophocles and Euripides died c. 406; Pericles died in 429; Thucydides died c. 399; and the architect Ictinus completed the Parthenon in c. 438. Athens was producing the extraordinary art and monuments for which she would be remembered. Beauty, including personal, was vital. It was linked with being good. However, Socrates was ugly, according to all accounts, a fact that made him a good target for Aristophanes in his comedies. Who Was Socrates? Socrates was a great Greek philosopher, possibly the wisest sage of all time. He is famous for contributing to philosophy: Pithy sayingsThe Socratic method of discussion or dialogueSocratic irony A discussion of Greek democracy often focuses on a sadder aspect of his life: his state-mandated execution. Family Although we have many details about his death, we know little about the life of Socrates. Plato provides us the names of some of his family members: Socrates father was Sophroniscus (thought to have been a stonemason), his mother was Phaenarete, and his wife, Xanthippe (a proverbial shrew). Socrates had 3 sons, Lamprocles, Sophroniscus, and Menexenus. The oldest, Lamprocles, was about 15 at the time his father died. Death The Council of 500 [see Athenian Officials in the Time of Pericles] condemned Socrates to death for impiety for not believing in the gods of the city and for introducing new gods. He was offered an alternative to death, paying a fine, but refused it. Socrates fulfilled his sentence by drinking a cup of poison hemlock in front of friends. Socrates as Citizen of Athens Socrates is remembered chiefly as a philosopher and the teacher of Plato, but he was also a citizen of Athens, and served the military as a hoplite during the Peloponnesian War, at Potidaea (432–429), where he saved Alcibiades life in a skirmish, Delium (424), where he remained calm while most around him were in a panic, and Amphipolis (422). Socrates also participated in the Athenian democratic political organ, the Council of the 500. As a Sophist The 5th century B.C. sophists, a name based on the Greek word for wisdom, are familiar to us mostly from the writings of Aristophanes, Plato, and Xenophon, who opposed them. Sophists taught valuable skills, especially rhetoric, for a price. Although Plato shows Socrates opposing the sophists, and not charging for his instruction, Aristophanes, in his comedy Clouds, portrays Socrates as a greedy master of the sophists craft. Although Plato is considered the most reliable source on Socrates and he says Socrates was not a sophist, opinions differ on whether Socrates was essentially different from the (other) sophists. Contemporary Sources Socrates is not known to have written anything. He is best known for the dialogues of Plato, but before Plato painted his memorable portrait in his dialogues, Socrates was an object of ridicule, described as a sophist, by Aristophanes. In addition to writing about his life and teaching, Plato and Xenophon wrote about Socrates defense at his trial, in separate works both called Apology. The Socratic Method Socrates is known for the Socratic method (elenchus), Socratic irony, and the pursuit of knowledge. Socrates is famous for saying that he knows nothing and that the unexamined life is not worth living. The Socratic method involves asking a series of questions until a contradiction emerges invalidating the initial assumption. Socratic irony is the position that the inquisitor takes that he knows nothing while leading the questioning.

The Western Training And Communicative Language Teaching

1. Analyses the generic structure of the article The article is discussing the Western training and Communicative language teaching and mainly it argues about the impact of these teachings on a person who belongs from other languages. The role of TESOL is important here and the opinion and views of the other language teachers have been described. The discussion made in paper is in a proper and significant manner that is holding a generic structure for understanding. On the very first the paper is giving an overall summary of discussion in form of abstract that is describing about the main theme of article that is the problems in English language. As the writer has focused on the Bangladeshi English teachers so they provided an overview†¦show more content†¦2) Summarize the main ideas Demand for competent English language users has been increasing in many countries like Bangladesh and for this purpose English language teaching (ELT) has been increasing. According to the increasing demand of competent English users and teach ers the teachers of English language are adopting communicative language teaching (CLT), the best way to learn English language skills. With respect to current knowledge, teachers lack in CLT skills. In this scenario, the encouragement of competent English language users is going through many stages in Bangladesh. These stages involve the communication barrier and the cultural difference among people belonging from the other organizations. The main and prominent objective of this paper and all of the discussion is to talk about the perception and ideology of Bangladeshi teachers. They are working to reduce and minimize the different problems associated with the teachers of other languages. The Teacher of English to Speakers of Other Languages(TESOL) is the association that is working on teaches of other languages and also on the teachers that have training from the Western Countries. It can be understood by the analysis of Bangladeshi population where almost 98% of the population is speaking Bengali. With the increasing demand of business market and job market, there is the great need

Principles of Tort Law-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignement

Question: Advise Tom whether he has a cause of action in negligence against Stephen. Would your advice be different if Stephen had provided the advice in his office, at a scheduled appointment? Answer: Ownership of a property under strata is usually shared through owners corporation while properties adjoining are bought under a limited strata title since they share common areas like land, roof, driveways, lifts and gardens. In this case, Stephen, an experienced conveyance and a golfer gave advice to Tom who later incurred additional costs in relation to the strata[1]. Strata properties require the owners to contribute a levy that covers expenses of maintaining the property. The costs involved should also be in full disclosure. When Tom tries to sell his unit but the purchasers want a price reduction to compensate for additional levies. Tom can take legal action against Stephen for negligence. Firstly, there was no full disclosure or maximum disclosure of information including, levies and insurance coverage[2]. Tom incurred losses after relying on professional advice from Stephen. In English law, professional negligence is a general rule subset. The usual rule relies on establishing a duty of care which is owed to the person seeking the professional advice. Stephen is in breach of that duty[3]. Tom has incurred a loss after buying the strata property. He can sue Stephen because Stephen comes to the golf club to meet people and discuss business since he is in conveyance. Stephen cannot defend himself that the golf course is an unofficial setting. It is his sole purpose to give professional advice for people to buy the strata properties without withholding any information. Even if Stephen was in his office, h e will also be sued since he is expected to be professional and to give professional advice at all times[4]. 1 Albert L Cohn and Barry A Knopf,Professional Negligence(New Jersey Institute for Continuing Legal Education, 2001). 2 Gert Bru?ggemeier,Common Principles Of Tort Law (British Institute of International and Comparative Law, 2006) 3 Mark Geistfeld,Tort Law (Wolters Kluwer Law Business, 2008). References Bru?ggemeier, Gert,Common Principles Of Tort Law (British Institute of International and Comparative Law, 2006) Cohn, Albert L and Barry A Knopf,Professional Negligence(New Jersey Institute for Continuing Legal Education, 2001) Geistfeld, Mark,Tort Law(Wolters Kluwer Law Business, 2008)

The Culture of an Organization

The culture of an organization is an important factor that determines the capacity of the organization to change and retain its competitive nature. Organizational culture can facilitate change or prevent it; hence it is important for an organization to understand its culture well.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Culture of an Organization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is important for an organization to manage culture and change some attributes of the culture that might prevent the organization from achieving its goals. Since introducing training and development programs is a way of initiating change in an organization, the programs may be affected either positively or negatively by culture (Salas, 2008) Training and development programs are critical for the continued growth of an organization. Through such programs, employees acquire important skills that are beneficial to the organization. However, th e process of implementing the programs is not always easy since numerous challenges are encountered in the process. The first challenge faced when implementing the programs is inadequate financial resources. Organizations are required to invest a lot of money in training and development programs (Practical management, 2009).The programs are expensive since the ultimate goal is to impart important skills in the participants which means that they cannot be partially trained. The second challenge that faces implementation of training and development programs is lack of enough infrastructural facilities. Some organizations might want to train more employees but lack of physical resources such as training halls makes it difficult. The third challenge that faces implementation of the programs is lack of commitment from the employees. The employees have to combine the programs with their work and some of them perceive the programs as demanding and are reluctant to join them. One of the cha llenges identified when implementing training and development programs is that employees are less committed and when it comes to participating in the programs. This is a challenge that can be addressed by initiating attitude change mechanisms like encouraging employees to commit themselves in the programs. The challenge can also be addressed by offering incentives to employees who take part in the training programs. Since the training and development programs equip employees with new skills that improve their performance, the organization should appreciate their new skills for them to gain motivation. In addition, employees who undergo the training programs can be promised job promotions. This helps in changing the attitude of other employees towards the training and development programs from a negative one to a positive one hence increasing their commitment to the programs (Management training consultant, 2012).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Attitude change among the employees can be achieved when all the employees in an organization are involved in the process of initiating training and development programs. Other employees can be very instrumental in addressing the challenge of negative attitude towards the programs since they know their colleagues well. One of the ways through which the other employees can be used in addressing this challenge is asking for their views regarding the programs and what they think should be changed or improved. By incorporating their views in the programs, this shapes the programs in such a way that they meet the expectations of the employees hence increasing the number that participates in the programs. One of the reasons why the employees might seem disinterested in the programs is that they tend to believe that the programs are enforced on them by the management. However, incorporating their views when designing t he programs makes them own the programs, hence solving the challenge of negative attitude towards the programs. References Management training consultant. (2012). Employee Training and Development. Web. Practical management. (2009). Changing organizational culture. Web. Salas, E. (2008). Learning, Training, and Development in Organizations. New York: Taylor Francis. This essay on The Culture of an Organization was written and submitted by user Miles K. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.